Speed-regulator for explosive-engines.



No. 697,409. Pafm'eu Apr. a, |902.

J. S. KLEIN. SPEED REGULATOR FR EXPLOSWE- ENGINES.

- (Application xed'my s, 1901.) (N0 Mpdel.) 2 Shaets-Sheet I.

l ATTORNEY.

wnNEssEs: @0?

Patented Apr. 8, |902.`

2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

.1. s; KLEm.

' (Application led May 3, 1901.)

SPEED REGULATOR FDR EXPLOSIVE ENGINES.

ATTORNEY.

In: Norms vErERs no.. Prsomuma., wsmunfon, D. r;

(Nn Model.)

WITNESSES 2 Nrrno STATES raros.

PATENT lSPEED-REGULATOR FOR EXPLOSIVE-ENGINES.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 697,409, dated April 8, 1902,

Application filed May 3, 1901. Serial No. 58.636. (No model.)

To all whom, it' Huey-concern:

Be it known that I, JOHN S. KLEIN, a citizen of the United States, residing at Oil City, in the county of Venango and State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Mechanism Compressing Gases; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention,such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

This invention relates to mechanisms compressing gases; and it consists in certain improvements in the construction thereof, as will be hereinafter fully described, and pointed out in the claims.

The objects of the invention, statedgenerally, are to provide means whereby said mechanisms may be more economically operated than heretofore. Broadly stated, this is accomplished by giving a full opening to the valve mechanism during the initial part of a stroke, taking in gas and closing said Valve mechanism when a sutticient volume of gas has been admitted to the cylinder. p

The invention is peculiarly applicable to gas-engineswhich compress the gases'forming the motive power prior toigniting them. In its broader scope, however, it includes ordinary compressors and forms when applied to them both a controlling and a relief or unloading device. i

The invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings as follows:

Figure l shows a gas-engine with the mechanism forming my invention thereon. Fig. 2 shows a compressor with the mechanism forming my invention thereon.

In Fig. l, A marks the cylinder; A', the Water-jacket; B, the piston; C, the intake-port. These are of the usual construction. The intake-valve D is arranged to move to and from its seat by a movement in the direction of the flow of gases opening in lthe direction of the inow ot gases. Immediately under the valve vD is a chamber F. The air-port f and gasport f' communicate with this chamber. Thev valves E and E control these ports and the relative proportions of gas and air admitted. The valves E and E are arranged on the stem d of the valve D. Beneath the mixing-chamberF is a motor-cylinder G. The upper end .its seat.

of this cylinder communicates through the passage g' with the atmosphere. Arranged in this cylinder is a piston II. This piston is connected with the valve-stem d by any convenient mechanism. Extending'through the stem d is the passage This passage is closed against the outiiow of gas fromthe cylinder by means of a check-valve d. The lower end of the cylinder G is in communication with the atmosphere through a passage g, and this passage is controlled by a valve I. The valve I has the stem i arranged to be moved in the guide g2. A spring t' holds it normally to its seat. The ports g3 pass from the lower end of the cylinder G, and a check- Valve .I is arranged over these ports. A spring j holds this'check-valve normally to its seat. The operation of this mechanism is as follows: At the beginning of the intakestroke of the piston the valve I is drawn from The passage Ag is somewhat larger than the passage dso that air at practically atmospheric pressure is maintained under vand above the piston I-I during the time the valve I is oft its seat. This balances the piston II. The reduction of pressure in the cylinder incident to the intake movement of the piston imbalances the pressure at the opposite side ot the valve D, and this opens the valve D. A small amount of air passes through the passage d2; but the greater volume 'enters from the chamber F. The valvesE and E uncover the ports f and f with the upward move ment of the valve D. The valve is maintained in this upward position by the forces made active by the reduced pressure in the cylinder so long as the valve I is kept from its seat. Immediately the Valve Iis returned to its seat the pressure in the lower end of the cylinder G is reduce'd to that in the cylinder A. This being somewhat less than atmospheric' pressure, the pressure of the air on top the pistonfH forces it down, closingthe valve D. Thus the piston H and cylinder Gform a motor for actuating the valve. Looking at this yin another light, the pressure on the under side of the piston II and upper side of the valve D is practically the same, and the pressure on top of the piston II and under side of the valve D is practically the same, so that the closing pressures where the piston and valve D are of equal size would be balanced,

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in which case the gravity or the spring 7L would close the valve. Preferably the piston II is made slightly larger than the valve in order that this action maybe positive and practically instantaneous. Shouldv it be desired that a volume of gas should be taken in with the intake-stroke equal to the full capacity of the cylinder-that is, should it be desired to have the inflow of gas continue throughout the intake-stroke-some means should be provided for permitting the closing of the valve should the valve I be brought to its seat just at the moment of the reversal of the piston. The check-valve .I forms this means. It will readily he seen that should the reversal take place, so as to create a back pressure on the valve D and on the gases on the under side of the piston H, the valve J will readily open, so as to keep the pressure of gas under the piston H practically equal to the air-pressure, so that the piston may be balanced, and of course the back pressure on the valve D will balance the pressure under the valve D, so that the valve will instantly close at the end of the stroke whether the valve I is brought to its seat or not. I prefer that the connection between the cylinder and the under side of the motor be through the valve, as it makes a more convenient arrangement of mechanism; but it would be readily operated through a by-pass, as shown by a pipe d3, (see dotted line,) the pipe dii being provided with a check-valve d4.

In controlling gas engines two leading methods are in vogue-one, known as the hitand-miss system, wherein gas is admitted only a sulcient number of strokes to give the desired power, the admission of all the gas admitted each time being substantially the same. In the other system, known as the throttling system, gas is admitted at each stroke, but in varying volume. W`ith the throttling system there is great loss of power, by reason of the fact that the intake-passages are reduced in order to decrease the volume admitted to the cylinder, so that the intakepressure in the cylinder is very much reduced below that of the atmosphere, with work incident thereto, and this condition exists practically up to the end of the stroke of the piston and may continue with some constructions during a part of the return stroke-that is, to a point where the pressure in the cylinder will equal atmospheric pressure or the pressure of the supply-gases. Vith my invention a full initial opening is given to the valve, so that the initial intake-pressure in the cylinder is but little below atmospheric pressure. Thus the supply of gas is taken into the cylinder with but little work. As soon as a suilieient volume is admitted to the cylinder the intake passage is entirely closed. From this point to the end of the stroke of the piston there is of course an opposing force, increasing as the pressure decreases in the cylinder toward the extreme end of the stroke. This work, however, is compensated for on the return stroke of the piston, so that the piston returns to the point of cut-off without any loss except the frictional losses. This mode of operation of course is much more eiieient than the ordinary throttling type of gas-engine. In addition to the saving in power in the valve mechanism of the ordinary throttling type, where they are not closed until the return movement of the piston, and consequently by the increase of pressure in the cylinder, there is apt to be a very severe shock when closed, and this acting constantly on the valves makes it difficult to keep them in proper running order. Vith my construction the closing of the valve while positive is not attended by any shock, and consequently with mechanism so constructedthevalvcs will continue in proper working order for a long period of time. If desired, the opening and closing of the valve I may bc controlled so as to open only a sufficient number of strokes to give to the engine its desired power-that js, to make the engine operate on the hit-andmiss principle. Of course when the valve I is not opened the valve D will not be opened and the work performed by atmospheric pressure on the piston during the return of the piston will equal the work required to move it to its outer position against the air-pressure, so that the only losses for the stroke will be the frictional losses. I prefer, however, where close regulation of speed is required to open the valve I with each working stroke of the piston, varying the power by varying the volume, as a more even operation of the engine is thus accomplished.

In order to control automatically the point of cut-off of the valve D, I have provided a mechanism for automatically controlling the closing of the valve I, as follows: Extending from the stem 2" of the valve I is a pitman K, having a turned end 7c. This turned end 7.: rides on a cam L. The cam L has the cam portion Z, which when in engagement with the turned portion 7a moves the pitman K so as to carry the valve I from its seat. As the point Z of the cam L reaches the end of the turned portion 7c the spring t' moves the valve back to its seat, the portion Z2 of the cam being sufficientlyr small in the center to permit of the perfect seating of the valve. The cam L is fixed on a shaft M. Also fixed on this shaft is a worm-gear N. The worm-gear N meshes a worm O. The worm O is carried by the governor-stem I. The governor Q, which may be of any ordinary type, as shown, consists of the centrifugal weights q and the centripetal element formed by the spring q. Extending from the weight are the bell-crank levers q2, and. these are connected by the link Q with the stem I. The weights q are carried by a rotating carrier q. This carrier is mounted in an arm A2, extending from the cylinder. A gear q is fixed on the lower end of the carrier, and a gear g5 meshes this gear. Any suitable means of driving the gear g5 may be provided. The speed of the stem Iis such,

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. which arm extends from 'the chamber R'.

however, as, acting through the Worm O and Worm-gear N, will give to the cam L the proper rotation to open the valve with each intake-stroke of the engine. The governor acting on the stem P raises and lowers the Worm O in its action, and the worm O acting as a rack on the Worm-gear in addition to giving to the cam its rotative motion shifts the relative position of the point l', and consequently varies the point of cut-oi of the valve D through the variation in the time of closing the valve I. rThus if the speed of the engine is too great the Weights q move outwardly. This raises the stem P, and the Worm O, acting on the worm-gear-N; rotates the cam L towardftheright or in. advance, and consequently makes the pointl'reach the end of the turn 7c sooner in the'point of movement of the piston than itotherwise Would. Thus the Volume of gas taken in by this stroke is made less than the precedingl stroke. If the engine is slowed down, a reverse action of the part-s takes place.

This device is applicable in its broaderscope, as before stated, to compressors, and where so applied operates as arcontrolling device and a relief device. shown it so applied. letters apply to similar parts as in Fig. l.

The operation of the device is practically the same, except, ofcourse, the valve I in the normal operation of the deviceis moved from its seat with -each intake-stroke of thecompressor. Where a sufficient volume of gas or air has been accumulated in the-receiver,

so that it is desirable to 'throw the compressorv out ofvaction, the worm O, operating upon the Worm-gear N, (not shown in Fig. 2,) so` turns the cam L aslto prevent the opening of' capacity of the compressor is desired, the in'-A take is cut oit at some intermediate point, giving to the compressor a sufcient volume for the required supply, and from thepoint of-cut-oi moves to' the extreme end of the piston-and back to the point of cut-off. No

work is performed,-and the only losses' are `the frictional losses. 1

Instead of the ordinary governors as applied- 'sogas-engines apressure-regulator R is applied to the-stem P. This consists of the chamberR, in which is the diaphragm-or moving element of the regulator r Extendl ing rfrom the diaphragm r is a stem r@ This acts upon a lever r2, pivoted on -an arm rv, A spring rlis opposed to the-pressure in the regulator, and a screw T5 isarranged to vary the tension of Vthis spring. A connection?1G In-Fig. 2 I'have In this figure the sameV phragm r is subjected to the receiver-pressure. The leverr2 connects the stem;r P through a spool p. This-stem P is rotated by any suitable mechanism,.the gears p' and p2 being shown for thispurpose.

What I claim as neW isy l. In amechanism compressing gases, the combination with the cylinder and compressing-piston therein; of a valve device arranged to control the period of admission of gases;

means for opening andolosing said valve device, said means being subjected to the reduction of pressure incident to the suction-stroke of the compressing-piston and an opposing pressure; and mechanism controlling the application of the pressure so reduced by the suction movement of the piston to open and close the valve. l

2. In a mechanism compressing gases, the

combination with a cylinderand compressingpiston therein; of Ya valve device controlling the period of admission of gases and for preventing anoutflow of gas throughthe intake; and a fluid-actuated mechanism for closing said valve device during the intake movement of the piston.

3. In a mechanism compressinggases, the combination'with the cylinder and compressing-piston therein; of a valve device controlling'the period of admission of the gases and for preventing an outflowof gases throughthe intake; means for closing said valve device, said means being subjected to the reduction of pressure incident to the suction-stroke of lthe compressing-piston and an opposingpres- I sure; and-mechanism controlling the rapplication of they-pressure so-reducedby the supction movement of -th'episton to close the valve.

in In a mechanism compressing gasesf'thev combination-With a cylinderand a compressing-piston therein; of a valve device controlling the period of admission of gases to the cylinder; a duid-actuated motor connected with said valve device; means foribalancing the pressure on the moving element ofthe motor during theinflow of gases and'for giving a `preponderance of pressure to the closing side of the moving element of the motor to close Athe valve device. Y

5. In a mechanismfcompressing gases, the combination with a cylinder and compressingpiston therein; 'cfa valvedevicecontrolling 1 the period of admission of gases; aiiuid-actuated motor for actuating said valve device; and means for 'subjecting one-'sider of the moving elementof the motor to the reduced pressure in the vcylinder incident to the intake movement 'of the piston for closing the valve device.' Y l Y 6. In a mechanism 'compressing combination with a cylinder and a compressing-piston therein; of 'a valve device control- 1 ling the period of admission of gases thereto;

a fluidactuated motor-for operating said -valve device; means for subjecting both sides lof the moving element of the motorto atmosis made-with the receiver, -soY that the dia- -pheric pressure duringtheinflow offgasesgases, the

and for subjecting one side ofthe moving element of the motor to the reduced pressure of the cylinder incident to the intake movement of the piston to close the valve device.

7. In a mechanism compressing gases, the colnbination with a cylinder and compressingpiston therein; of a valve device for cont-rolling the inflow of gases; a fluid-actuated motor for operating said valve device; means for subjecting the side of the moving element of the motor opposed to the closing movement of the valve to a balancing pressure during the inflow of gases; a valve mechanism for cutting oftn the supply of the fluid furnishing the balance of pressure; means for subjecting the side ofthe movingelement of the motor opposed to the closing movement of the valve device to the reduced pressure in the cylinder incident to the intake movement of the piston for closing said valve.

8. In a mechanism compressing gases, the combination with a cylinder and compressingpiston therein; of a valve device controlling the period of admission of gases, said valve device being arranged to open in the direction of the movement of the inflowing gases; and a fluid-actuated mechanism for closing said valve device previously to the completing of the intake-stroke of the piston.

9. In a mechanism compressing gases, the combination with a cylinder and compressingpiston therein; of a valve device controlling the period of admission of gases to the cylinder; a fluid-actuated motor connected with said valve device; means for balancing the pressure on the moving element of the motor with an inflow of gases and for giving a prepcnderance of pressure to the closing side of the moving element of the motor to close the valve device; and means for changing said pressures on the moving element of the motor to close the valve before the com plction of the intake-stroke of the piston.

10. In a mechanism compressing gases, the combination with a cylind erand compressingpiston therein; of a valve device for controlling the period of admission of gases; a fluidactuated motor for actuating said valve device; means for subjecting one side of the moving element of the motor to the reduced pressure incident to the intake movement of the piston for closing the valve device; and a mechanism for making said means active before the completion of the intake-stroke of the piston.

11. In a mechanism compressing gases, the combination with a cylinder and compressingpiston therein; of a valve device for controlling the period of admission of gases thereto; a fluid-actuated motor for operating said valve device; means for subjecting both sides ofthe moving element of the motor to atmospheric pressure during the inflow of gases and for subjecting one side of the moving element of the motor to the reduced pressure of the cylinder incident to the intake movement of the piston for closing the valve device; and means for effecting a change in pressure on the moving element ofthe motor to close the valve device before the completion of the intake movement of the piston.

12. In a mechanism compressing gases, the combination with the cylinder and compressing-piston therein; of a valve device arranged to control the period of admission of gases and for preventing an outflow of gas through the intake; means for closing said valve device, said'means being subjected to the reduction of pressure incident to the suction movement of the compressing-piston and an opposing pressure; and mechanism controlling the application of the pressure so reduced by the suction movement of the piston to close the valve device during the suction movement of the piston.

13. In a mechanism compressing gases, the combination with a cylinder and compressingpiston therein; of a valve device for controlling the period of admission of gases, said valve device being arranged to open in the direction of movement of the inflow-gases; means for closing said valve device, said means being subjected to the reduction of pressure incident to the suction movement of the compressing-piston and an opposing pressure; and mechanism controlling the application of the pressure so reduced by the suction movement ofthe piston to open and close the valve.

14. In a mechanism compressing gases, the combination with a cylinder and compressingpiston therein; of a valve device for controlling the period of admission of gases to the cylinder, said valve device being arranged to open in the direction of movement of the inilow of gas; a fluid-actuated motor connected with said valve device; means for balancing the pressure of the moving element of the motor during the inflow of gases and for giving a preponderance of pressure to the closing side of the moving element of the motor to close the Valve device.

15. In a mechanism compressing gases, the combination with acylinderand compressingpiston therein; of a valve device controlling the inflow of gases, said valve device being arranged to open in the direction ofthe movement of the inflowing gas; a fluid-actuated motor for actuating said valve device; and means foi-subjecting one side of the moving element of the motor to the reduced pressure in the cylinder incident to the intake movement of the piston for closing the valve device.

16. In a mechanism compressing gases, the combination with a cylinderand compressingpiston therein; of a valve for controlling the inflow of gases, said valve device being arranged to open in the direction of movement of the inflowing gas; a fluid-actuated motor' for operating said valve device; and means for subjecting both sides of the moving element of the motor to atmospheric pressure during the inflow of gases, and for subjecting one IOO side ofthe moving element of the motor to the reduced pressure of the cylinder incident to the intake movement of the cylinder to close the valve device.- Y

17.'.In a mechanism compressing gases, the combination with a oylinderand compressingpiston therein; of a valve device controlling the inow of gases, saidvalve device being arranged tofopen in the direction of movement of the ini-lowing gas; a motor for actuating said valve device; means for subjecting the moving element of the motor to a reduced pressure of the cylinder; -a valve for cutting oft' the supply of iiuid furnishing the balance in pressure; means for subjecting one side of the moving element of the motor-opposed to the closing movement of the valve to the re-y duced pressure of the cylinder incident to the intake movement of the piston for closing said valve. y

18. In a mechanism compressing gases, the combination with a cylinder and compressingpiston therein; a valvedevice controlling the inflow of gases; a Huid-actuated inotorior operating said valve device; a connection through the valve between the cylinder and the side of the motor opposing the closing movement of the valve. Y l

19. In a mechanism compressing gases, the combination with a cylinder and compressingpiston therein; of a valve device'controlling the inflow of gases; a fluid-actuated motor for operating said valve device; a connection through the valve between the cylinderand the side of the motor opposing the closing movement of the valve; a passage leading from the side of the motor opposing the closing of the valve to the atmosphere; a valve device for controlling said passage; and means for actuating said valvey to close said-passage during the-intake movement of the pi'ston.

20. lIn a mechanism compressing gases, the combination with a cylinder and compressingpiston therein; of a valve device controlling the periodof admission ofgases; a uid-actuated motor for operating said valve device; a` connection between the cylinder and that side of the motor opposing the closing of the valve device; and a check-valve in said connection` preventing thevow of gas from the cylinder to the side of the motoropposing. the closingfof the valve device.

2l. VIn a mechanism compressinggases,the combination with a cylinderand compressingpiston therein; of a valve device controlling the inflow or" gases; a motor controlling said valve device; a passage leading from the side of the motor opposing the closingof the valve to the atmosphere; a check-valve in said passage opposing the passage from the atmosphere to said motor butpermitting a passage of gas from said motor.

v 22. VIn a mechanism compressing gases, the combination with a cylinder and compressingpiston therein; of-a valve device controlling vthe inflow of gases; a fluid-actuatedl motor for operating said valve device; a connection between the cylinder and that side of the motor opposing the closing of the valve device; a check-valve in said passage preventing a-return of gas from the cylinder to said motor;a passage leading from said side of said motor to the atmosphere; a check-valve closing said passage and preventing a flow of air to said motor, but permitting a movement of air from said motor; a second passage from said side of said motor; and a valve controlling said passage.

23. In a mechanism com pressing'gases, the combination of the cylinder, A; the piston, B; inlet-passage, C; the valve, D, arranged in said passage; the stem, d, on said valve, having the passage, d2, therethrough; the cylinder, G, having the passages, g, g and g3, to the atmosphere; the piston, H, arranged in said cylinder and secured to the stem, d2; the seat-valve, d', in the passage, d2; a -checkvalve,J, arranged over the passage, g3; and the valve, I, arranged in the passage, g.

24. In a mechanism compressing gases, the

combination ofthe cylinderand compressingpiston therein; of a valve device controlling the period of admission of gases; meansfor closing said valve device, said-meansbeing subjected tothe reduction ofl pressure incident to the suction movement of lthe compressing-piston, and an opposing pressure;

and mechanism for controlling the application of the pressure so reduced to effect the action of said means at different points in the suction-stroke of -thepiston to vary the 4volume of gas compressed by the return stroke ofthe piston. J

25. In a mechanism compressing gases,- the combination -With a cylinder and compressingpiston therein;`of a valve device controllingy the period of-admission of gases; means for opening and closing said valve device, said means being subjected to the reduction of pressure incident to .the suction movement of the compressing-piston, and an opposing pressure; and mechanism controlling the application ofthe pressure so reduced for effecting'an action of said means to open the valve during the initial movement of the piston and to close said valve at different points in the suction-stroke ofithe piston to vary the volume of gas compressed by the return stroke of the piston. c

26. In a mechanismcompressing gases,the

combination with a cylinder and compressingpiston therein; of a valve device forY controlling the period of admission of gasesl and for preventing -an outllow ,ofthe gases through the intake; a fluid-actuated mechanism for closing said valve-device at different points in the intake-stroke of the piston to vary the -volume of gases compressed by the return strokeofthe piston. l

27. Y In amechanism compressing gases, theA combination with a cylinder and compressingpiston-therein;-of a valve Ydevice controlling theinilow ofgases tothe cylinder; a fluidc actuated motor connected with -said valve de- IZO vice; means for balancing the pressure on the moving element of the motor during an inflow of gas and for giving a preponderance of. pressure to the closing side of the moving element of the motor to close the valve device; and means for varying' the moment of the change in pressure on the respective sides of the moving element ot the motor to vary the point in the intake-stroke at which the valve device is closed.

28. In a mechanism compressing gases, the combination with a cylinder and compressingr mechanism therein; of a valve device controlling the inflow of' gases therein; a fluid-actuated motor for operating said valve device; means for subjecting both sides of the moving element of the motor to atmospheric pressure during an inflow of gases and for subjecting one side ot' the moving element of the motor to the pressure ofthe cylinder incident to the intake movement of the piston for closing the valve device; and means for varying the moment of subjecting the one side ofthe moving element of the motor to the reduced pressure to vary the point in the intake-stroke at which the valve device is closed.

2f). In a mechanism compressing gases, the combination with a cylinder and compressingpiston therein; of a valve device for controlling the inflow of gases; a fluid-actuated motor for operating said valve device; means for subjecting the moving element of the motor opposed to the closing movement of the valve to a balancing pressure during an inflow of gases; a valve mechanism for cutting off the supply of fluid furnishing the balance of pressure; and means for subjecting the side of the moving element of the motor opposed to the closing movement of the valve device to the reduced pressure in the cylinder incident to the intake movement of the piston for closing said valve; and means for actuating said valve mechanism to vary the point of cutting off the supply of fluid furnishing the balance of pressure to vary the point in the intake movement of the pist-on at which the valve device is closed.

30. In a mechanism compressing gases, the combination with a cylinderand compressingpiston therein; of a valve device, controlling the inflow of gases; a fluid-actuated motor for actuating said valve device; a connection between the side of the motor opposing the closing movement of said valve device and the cylinder; a passage from said side of the motor to the atmosphere; a valve controlling said passage; and means for actuating said valve at various points in the intake-stroke to vary the volume of gas admitted.

3l. In a mechanism compressing gases, the combination with acylinderand compressingpiston therein; of a valve device controlling the period of admission of gases; means for closing the said valve device, said means being subjected to the reduction of pressure i11- cident to the suction movement of the compressing-piston and an opposing pressure;

mechanism for controlling the application of the pressure so reduced to effect the closing of said valve device at various points in the suction-stroke of the piston; and a governor for vcontrolling at the point at which said mechanism acts.

32. In a mechanism compressing gases, the combination with a cylinder and compressingpiston therein; of a valve device for controlling the period of admission of gases and for preventing an outflow of gases through the intake; a fluid-actuated mechanism for closing said valve device at different points in the intake-stroke of the piston; and a governor for controlling the point at which the said closing mechanism is made active.

In a mechanism compressing gases, the combination with a cylinder and compressingpiston therein; of a valve device controlling the period of admission of gases thereto; a fluid-actuated motor for operating said valve device; means for subjecting both sides ot' the moving element of the motor to atmospheric pressure during the inflow of gases and for subjecting one side ofthe moving element of the motor to the reduced pressure of the cylinder incident to the intake movement of the piston for closing the valve device; and a governor controlling the moment at which the one side of the motor is subjected to the cylinder-pressure to vary the moment of closing the valve device.

34. In a mechanism for compressing gases, the combination with a cylinder and compressing-piston therein; a Valve device for controlling the inflow of gases thereto; a fluidactuated motor for operating said valve device; means t'or subjecting the side otl the moving element of the motor opposed to the closing moment of the valve to a balancingpressure during the inflow of gases; a valve mechanism for cutting oft the supply of fluid furnishing the balance of pressure; means for subjecting the side of the moving element of the motor opposed to the closing movement of the valve device to the reduced pressure in the cylinder incident to the intake ot' the piston for closing said valve; and a governor for controlling the moment at which the said element of the motor s subjected to the pressure from the cylinder.

35. In a mechanism compressing gases, the combination withacylindcrand compressingpiston therein; of' a valve device for controlling the inflow of gases therein; a motor connected with said valve device; a connection between the cylinder and that side of the m0- tor opposed to the closing of the valve device; a passage from said side of the motor to the atmosphere; a val ve controlling said passage; and a governor controlling said valve.

3G. In a mechanism for compressing gases, the combination with a cylinder, A, and compressing-piston therein; of a valve, D, controlling the inflow of gases thereto; a cylinder, G; a connection between the cylinder, G, and the cylinder, A; a check-valve in said IOO IIO

connection; the piston, H, said piston being subject-ed to atmospheric pressure on the side toward the valve, D; the passage, g'; a valve, I, controlling said passage; and a governor controlling the valve, I. g

37. In a mechanism compressing gases, the combination with a cylinder, A, and compressing-piston therein; of a valve, D, con-v trolling the iniow of gases thereto; a cylinder, G; a connection between the cylinder, G and the cylinder, A; a check-valve in said connection;the piston, I-I, said piston being subjected to atmospheric pressure on the side toward the valve, D; the passage, g'; a valve, I controlling said passage; anda governor lnechanism controlling the valve, I, to open said valve during the initial movement of the piston and to close said valve at various points in the intake movement of the piston.

3S. A governor comprising a reciprocating and rotating stem acting with the controlling element of the governor mechanism; a worm on said stem; a gear meshing said worm; a valve device, and means driven with said gear for controlling a valve device.

3). A governor comprising a reciprocating and rotating stem acting with the controlling element of the governor mechanism; a worm on said stem; a gear meshing said worm; a

cam driven by said gear; and a valve device operated by the rotative movement otsaid cam incident tothe rotating movement of the worm, the action ofthe valve device being varied bya variation in the position of the cam due to'an axial movement of said worm.

40. In a mechanism compressing gases, the combination with a cylinder and compressingpiston therein.; a valve device controlling the inow of gases; a governor mechanism com-l prising the worm, O, gear, N, cam, L, having the cam-surface, Z, and shoulder, Z; means :operated by said cam for making active saidv valve device, saidcam being arranged to ef-I iect the closing of said valve device during the intake movement of the piston and to vary the moment of closing by a relative variation in the position of the shoulder, Z. v

4l. In a mechanism compressing gases, the combination of a cylinder and compressing-` piston therein; a valve device controlling the inflow of gases therein; a fluid-actuated mo tor for operating said valve; the valve, I, for controlling said motor; a cam, L, for control. ling the valve, I; a worm-gear operating with said cam; a Worm having a rotative and axial movement operatingwith the controlling element of the governor meshing said gear, and. a governor.

42. In a mechanism compressing gases, the

combination of the cylinder, A; the valve, D,

ling theinlet of the cylinder, G;Kthe cam,vL;

means for communicating movement from the cam, L, to the valve, I; a worm-gear operating with said cam; a worm meshing said gear; a governor; means actuatedwith the controlling element of the governor for reciprocating said worm; and means for givling said worm rotative movement.

43. In a gas-engine, the combination of a cylinder; the valve, D, controlling the periodof admission of gases; the air and gas v'alve carried with said valve; a motor operating upon said valve; and a connection between the-side'of the motor opposedto the closing I oi' the valve, D, andthe cylinder. y

44. In a gas-engine, the combination ofa cylinder; the valve, D; the air and gas valve carried with said valve; a motorV operating upon said valve; a connection between the side of the motor opposed to the closing of the valve, D, and the cylinder; a passage leading from the saidside of said motor to the atmosphere a valve, I, controlling said passage; and means for closing said valve during an intake-stroke of the engine. 'Y

4:5. In a. gas-engine, the combination of a cylinder; the valve, D ;..the air and gasvalve carried with said valve; a motor operating upon said valve; a connection between the side of the motor opposed to the closing ofthe g valve, D, and the cylinder; a passage leading from the said side of said' motor tothe at-` mosphere; a valve, I, controlling said passage; means for closing said valve, I, during an intake-stroke of the engine; and a governor for controlling the moment of theV closing of the valve, I.

4.6.In a gas-engine, the combination with the cylinder, A; the valve, D, controlling the inflow ofgasesthereto; the stem,fd, extendingtherefrom a passage, d2, through said stem a check-valve, d', in said passage; the air and gas valves, E and E', arranged on said stem; the cylinder, G, having thepassage, g., g and g3; the piston, H, arranged in the cylinder, G; `the check-valve, J, on the passage, s

g3; the valve, I, in.the,passage,.g/; and agovernor mechanism controlling the valve, I.

In testimony whereof I afix my signature in presence of two witnesses. l

JOI-IN KLEIN. Witnesses: A

CHAs. E. BAIR, J. R. MCMULLEN.

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